Insect Control

NOTE:  For the insecticides listed below, one product trade name and formulation is provided for each active ingredient (common name) as an example of rates, days to harvest (dh), REI, and special instructions. In many cases there are other products available with the same active ingredient. Please see Table 20 and Alphabetical Listing by Trade Name for more information on products with the same active ingredients.

See reference #18 in References for Commercial Vegetable Growers for more information on management of pepper pests.

Aphids and Whiteflies

Green peach aphid overwinters in the egg stage on woody plants in the Prunus species, where nymphs feed in spring. Field vegetable crops are colonized in June by winged females who produce live young (nymphs), resulting in multiple generations of wingless females. Generation time from birth to reproductive adult is one to two weeks depending on temperature; each female produces 30-80 live young. If food quality declines, winged females develop and leave in search of new plants. In fall, both male and female winged aphids develop and return to woody plants to mate and lay eggs.

Winged green peach aphids have a black head and thorax and yellow-green abdomen. Wingless adults and nymphs are usually pale yellow green including the cornicles (a pair of tubes near the tip of the abdomen) but may be pink. Adults reach 2 mm long. Aphids feed on leaves and excrete a sugary, sticky substance called “honeydew” which coats fruit and fosters growth of black sooty mold fungus.

Numerous crop families (including solanacous crops, cucurbits, Brassicas, spinach and chard, and carrot families) as well as broadleaf weeds support green peach aphid. Feeding on young tissue causes curling, wilting, reduced growth, and contamination of harvested crop. The major damage caused by this aphid is the transmission of many different plant viruses. It is also a pest in greenhouses; see Vegetable Bedding Plants and Greenhouse Tomato for greenhouse management.

Aphids are usually controlled on peppers by natural predators and parasites, such as lady beetles, lacewings, spiders, syrphid fly larvae, wasps, and beneficial fungi, unless the populations of these beneficials are disrupted by chemical sprays. Preserve natural enemies by using selective/microbial pesticides for other pests whenever possible. Occasionally green peach aphid (GPA) or, less commonly, melon aphid (MA) and potato aphid (PA) populations build up and require controls. Early-season, broad-spectrum sprays will destroy beneficials and lead to aphid population buildup.

Begin to examine plants in early July for aphids and the presence of beneficial species. Spray only when aphids are increasing and building up to high numbers. Treat at five- to seven-day intervals, if aphid numbers exceed 10 per leaf before fruit set, and 5 per leaf after fruit set. Coverage of underleaf surface is important. Add a spreader-sticker. Plant crops away from Prunus sp. (peach, wild cherry, etc.). Spray effectiveness may vary depending upon the species present. Reflective plastic mulch repels aphids as long as 50% of the surface area is reflective. Even black plastic mulch has been shown to reduce aphid numbers compared with bare-ground culture.

See whiteflies in the tomato section for more information. 

acephate (Orthene 97): 1/2 lb/A for nonbell types and 1/2 to 1 lb/A for bell types (7 dh, REI 24h, Group 1B).

acetamiprid (Assail 30SG): 2 to 4 dry oz/A for aphids; 2.5 to 4 dry oz/A for whiteflies (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 4).

bifenthrin (Capture* 2EC): 2.1 to 6.4 oz/A (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). Whiteflies only.

dimethoate (Dimethoate 4EC): 8 to 10.6 oz/A (0 dh, REI 48h, Group 1B). Note that some brands of dimethoate have a 7 dh restriction. For aphids only.

dinotefuran (Safari 20SG): 0.16 to 0.32 dry oz/1,000 sq ft or 3.5 to 7 dry oz/100 gal/20,000 sq ft (1 dh, REI 12h, Group 4). Pepper transplants while in greenhouse. Not for field use.

dinotefuran (Venom 20SG): 7 to 14 dry oz/A foliar or 18 to 21 dry oz/A soil (1 dh foliar, 21 dh soil, REI 12h, Group 4A). For resistance management purposes, do not use foliar spray after soil application or following another nicotinoid (Group 4A) insecticide application on the same crop.

endosulfan (Thionex* 50W): 1 to 2 lb/A, use high rate for whitefly (4 dh, REI 24h, Group 2A).

flonicamid (Beleaf 50SG): 2 to 2.8 dry oz/A (0 dh, REI 12, Group 9C). Suppression only for whiteflies; use higher rate. 

gamma-cyhalothrin (Proaxis*): 2.5 to 3.8 oz/A (5 dh, REI 24h, Group 3A). Suppression only.

imidacloprid (Admire Pro): 7 to 14 oz/A (21 dh, REI 12h, Group 4A). Can be applied in bedding operation, as a transplant water drench or through trickle irrigation. May be applied in planthouse at maximum rate of 0.44 oz/10,000 plants. See plant-back restrictions. To avoid resistance, do not use another nicotinoid (Group 4A) insecticide if Admire Pro was used at planting.

imidacloprid (Provado 1.6F): 3.8 to 6.2 oz/A (0 dh, REI 12h, Group 4A). See plant-back restrictions. To avoid resistance, do not use a Provado foliar application following another nicotinoid (Group 4A) insecticide application on the same crop.

insecticidal soap (M-Pede): 1.25 to 2.5 oz/gal water (0 dh, REI 12h). Spray to wet all infested plant surfaces. May require repeated applications. Use a companion aphicide for aphid control. Use high rate for whiteflies. OMRI listed.

lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior*): 2.5 to 3.8 oz/A (5 dh, REI 24h, Group 3A). Suppression only.

malathion (Malathion 57 EC): 1 1/4 to 1 1/2 pt/A (3 dh, REI 12h, Group 1B). For aphids only.

methomyl (Lannate* LV): 1 1/2 to 3 pt/A (3 dh, REI 48h, Group 1A). Green peach aphid only.

pymetrozine (Fulfill): 2.75 oz/A (0 dh, REI 12h, Group 9A). Selective control of green peach and other aphids. Translaminar. Apply at threshold, before populations build up. 

pyrethrin (PyGanic EC5.0): 4.5 to 18 oz/A (0 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). OMRI listed. May be used in greenhouse or field.

pyrethrins + piperonyl butoxide (Pyrenone): 1 tsp/gal, or 1 to 12 oz/A (0 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). May be used in greenhouse or field.

pyriproxyfen (Knack): 6 to 8 fl oz/A (14 dh, REI 24h, Groups 7). Insect growth regulator that provides long-term control by killing eggs and immature whiteflies. May be mixed with acephate for initial knockdown and control of adults. No more than 2 applications per season, at least 14 days apart.

sodium tetraborohydrate decahydrate (Prev-AM): 100 oz/100 gal (0.5 dh, REI 12h, Group 25). Do not apply in midday sun or mix with copper, sulfur or oils. CT only.

spiromesifen (Oberon 2SC): 7 to 8.5 oz/A (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 23). Immature mites only.

spirotetramat (Movento): 4-5 oz/A (1dh, REI 24h, Group 23). Immature stages; may also reduce adult fertility.

thiamethoxam (Actara): 2 to 3 oz/A for aphids; 3 to 5.5 oz/A for whiteflies (0 dh, REI 12h, Group 4). Highly toxic to bees exposed to direct treatment or residues on blooming crops. Do not apply or allow to drift to blooming crops or weeds.

thiamethoxam (Platinum): 5 to 8 oz/A (30 dh, REI 12h, Group 4). Systemic insecticide used as an in-furrow, banded, drench, or drip irrigation application to the seed/seedling root zone during or after planting/transplanting operations. DO NOT apply as a foliar spray.

Cutworms

Black cutworm is the most common of the many cutworm species that damage vegetables in New England. Adults are night-flying tan and black moths, while the caterpillars are dark-grey to black and up to 2” in length. Moths from the South arrive between March and June. Eggs are laid mostly on grasses and winter annual weeds, usually near areas of the field prone to flooding. Certain fields tend to have a history or repeated cutworm damage. The larvae feed after dark while hiding under the soil surface adjacent to the plant stem during the day. There are 2 to 3 generations per year but only the first generation, which produces larvae in May and June, damages seedling peppers. Leaf feeding by small larvae is common and generally unimportant, as plants compensate for leaf area lost as they grow. On rare occasions, sometimes after the soil is saturated, larger larvae switch from leaf feeding to cutting stems off near the soil line. Adults can be monitored with a yellow and white Unitrap from March through May. A catch of over 40 moths before transplanting indicates that frequent June scouting is prudent. Scout problem fields once or twice weekly, checking at least 100 plants for leaf feeding and cut stems, especially near field margins. Spot spray heavily damaged areas or edges of the field if 1 or 2% of the plants have been cut down. For best results, make application between midnight and dawn while cutworms are feeding aboveground. Ground beetles, parasitic flies and wasps and other general predators help reduce populations. When peppers follow sod/hay in rotation, fall-plowing may lower cutworm populations by reducing spring egg-laying sites. Plantings on plastic mulch experience the least cutworm damage, while weedy or reduced-till fields tend to suffer greater damage. Hardening seedlings before transplanting toughens stems and reduces damage.

bifenthrin (Capture* 2EC): 2.1 to 6.4 oz/A (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A).

carbaryl (10% Sevin Granules): 20 lb/A (3 dh, REI 12h, Group 1A). Apply evenly over soil surface. Less toxic to aphid and mite natural enemies than XLR Plus formulation.

deltamethrin (Decis* 1.5EC): 1.5 to 2.4 oz/A (1 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A).

gamma-cyhalothrin (Proaxis*): 1.9 to 3.2 oz/A (5 dh, REI 24h, Group 3A).

lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior*): 1.9 to 3.2 oz/A (5 dh, REI 24h, Group 3A).

methomyl (Lannate* LV): 12 to 24 oz/A (3 dh, REI 48h, Group 1A). Variegated cutworm only.

permethrin (Pounce* 25WP): 6.4 to 12.8 oz/A (3 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A).

pyrethrins + piperonyl butoxide (Pyrenone): 1 tsp/gal, or 1 to 12 oz/A (0 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A).

tebufenozide (Confirm 2F): 6 to 8 oz/A (7 dh, REI 4h, Group 18). Insect growth regulator which causes early, lethal molt in caterpillars. Must be ingested.

zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang*): 2.4 to 4.3 oz/A (1 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A).

European Corn Borer (ECB) and Other Caterpillars

In northern New England, ECB has a single flight in mid- to late summer and sprays should coincide with this flight. In southern and central New England, ECB generally does not become a pest in peppers until the appearance of the second generation in late July or August. Apply insecticides when second generation moths become active. Check state sweet corn IPM reports for flight activity, or use pheromone traps for monitoring adult flight activity. Make first application one week after moth count equals or exceeds seven moths per week and fruit are present on the plants. Discontinue sprays one week after moth counts drop below 21 moths per week. The spray interval depends on the residual period of the insecticide used as well as weather conditions and pest pressure. Use shorter spray intervals during peak flights and while pheromone trap catches exceed 150 moths per trap. Choose selective/microbial products whenever possible to preserve beneficials and reduce the chance of aphid outbreaks. Pyrethroids may cause aphid outbreaks by eliminating their natural enemies. See Sweet Corn for more details on ECB life cycle.

Foliage feeding caterpillars such as armyworms and hornworms rarely reach pest status on peppers in New England. Hornworms occasionally feed in pepper, causing leaf damage and leaving bare stalks in the canopy. Fall armyworms occasionally infest pepper foliage and fruit in August and September when preferred stages of sweet corn (whorl and pre-tassel) are no longer available and pheromone traps capture more than 90 or 100 moths per week.  Most products listed for European corn borer will also control these caterpillars. Orthene will not control fall armyworm. A few products are labeled for armyworms or hornworms only as noted below. 

acephate (Orthene 97): 1/2 to 1 lb/A (7 dh, REI 24h, Group 1B). Maintain a seven- to 14-day spray schedule. Bell type only. See label restrictions.

Bacillus thuringiensis aizawai (XenTari): 0.5 to 1.5 lb/A (0 dh, REI 4h, Group 11). Must be ingested; apply when larvae are actively feeding. Use high rate at cool temperatures. Use a spreader-sticker. Labeled for armyworm and looper. For ECB, maintain a 3 to 4 day schedule for fruit-boring pests. OMRI listed.

Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Dipel DF): 0.5 to 1 lb/A (0 dh, REI 4h, Group 11). Must be ingested; apply when larvae are actively feeding. Use high rate at cool temperatures. Use a spreader-sticker. Labeled for armyworm and looper. For ECB, maintain a 3 to 4 day schedule for fruit-boring pests. OMRI listed.

beta-cyfluthrin (Baythroid*XL): 1.6 to 2.8 oz/A (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). Maintain a five- to 10-day schedule. Pyrethroids may cause aphid outbreaks.

bifenthrin (Capture* 2EC): 2.1 to 6.4 oz/A (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). Do not make applications less than seven days apart. Pyrethroids may cause aphid outbreaks.

chlorantraniliprole (Coragen): 3.5 to 5 oz/A (1 dh, REI 4h, Group 28). For drip application, must be applied uniformly in the root zone and do not apply more than twice per season. For foliar application use an effective adjuvant, except on chili pepper or pimento. Also labeled for FAW and hornworm.

deltamethrin (Decis* 1.5EC): 1.5 to 2.4 oz/A (1 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). Maintain a five- to 10-day schedule.

diflubenzuron (Dimilin* 25W):  4 to 8 oz/A (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 15). Apply when larvae are small. For armyworm only.

emamectin benzoate (Proclaim*): 2.4 to 4.8 oz/A (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 6). For armyworm and hornworm only. 

endosulfan (Thionex* 50W): 1 to 2 lb/A (4 dh, REI 24h, Group 2A). For armyworm and hornworm only. 

esfenvalerate (Asana* XL): 5.8 to 9.6 oz/A (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A).

flubendiamide (Synapse): 2 to 3 oz/A (1 dh, REI 12h, Group 28). Active via ingestion.

gamma-cyhalothrin (Proaxis*): 1.9 to 3.2 oz/A for hornworm, 2.5 to 3.8 oz/A for ECB and other caterpillars (5 dh, REI 24h, Group 3A). Maintain a five- to 10-day schedule.

indoxacarb (Avaunt): 2.5 to 3.5 oz/A for hornworm, 3.5 oz/A for other caterpillars (3 dh, REI 12h, Group 22). Bell pepper only.

lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior*): 1.9 to 3.2 oz/A for hornworm, 2.5 to 3.8 oz/A for other caterpillars (5 dh, REI 24h, Group 3A). Maintain a five- to 10-day schedule.

methomyl (Lannate* LV): 1 1/2 to 3 pt/A (3 dh, REI 48h, Group 1A). Use high rate for ECB. Short residual. Maintain a three- to four-day schedule.

methoxyfenozide (Intrepid 2F): 4 to 16 oz/A (1 dh, REI 4h, Group 18). Insect growth regulator. Feeding stops within hours but death takes several days. Must be ingested, ensure good coverage. Maintain a seven- to 14-day schedule.

permethrin (Pounce* 25WP): 12.8 oz/A (3 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). Bell only. Maintain a five- to 10-day schedule. Pyrethroids may cause aphid outbreaks. Not for hornworm and fall armyworm.

pyrethrin (PyGanic EC5.0): 4.5 to 18 oz/A (0 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). Maintain a three- to four-day spray schedule. OMRI listed.

pyrethrins + piperonyl butoxide (Pyrenone): 1 tsp/gal, or 1 to 12 oz/A (0 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). Maintain a three- to four-day spray schedule.

spinetoram (Radiant SC): 5 to 10 oz/A (1 dh, REI 4h, Group 5). Maintain a seven-day schedule. Helps preserve natural enemies. 

spinosad (Entrust): 1 to 2 dry oz/A for ECB and hornworm; 1.25 to 2.5 oz/A for armyworm (1 dh, REI 4h, Group 5). Maintain a seven-day schedule. OMRI listed.

tebufenozide (Confirm 2F): 6 to 16 oz/A (7 dh, REI 4h, Group 18). Insect growth regulator; induces lethal early molt in caterpillars. Must be ingested; ensure good coverage of foliage and fruit. Non toxic to beneficials. Maintain a 10- to 14-day schedule during ECB flight. Use higher rate for heavy pressure. 

 zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang*): 2.4 to 4.3 oz/A for ECB and hornworm; 3.4 to 4.3 oz/A for fall armyworm (1 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). Do not make applications less than seven days apart.

Leafminers, Thrips and Mites

Leafminers generally are controlled by natural enemies unless disrupted by broad-spectrum insecticide applications.  Some species may be transported on transplants from southern or western locations.  Control broadleaf weeds in and around the planting.  Rotate insecticide groups to slow resistance.  Systemic insecticides may control larvae within leaves.   

abamectin (Agri-Mek* 0.15EC): 8 to 16 oz/A (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 6). Do not apply more than 2 sequential applications. Do not apply more than 48 oz/A per season.

acetamiprid (Assail 30SG): 4 dry oz/A (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 4). Thrips only.

beta-cyfluthrin (Baythroid*XL): 2.1 to 2.8 oz/A (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). Use high rate for leafminers and whiteflies. Not for mites.

bifenazate (Acramite 50WS): 0.75 to 1 lb/A (3 dh, REI 12h, Group 25). Mites only.

bifenthrin (Capture* 2EC): 2.1 to 6.4 oz/A for leafminers and thrips, 5.1 to 6.4 oz/A for mites (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A).

chlorantraniliprole (Coragen): 5.0 to 7.5 oz/A (1 dh, REI 4h, Group 28). For drip application, must be applied uniformly in the root zone and do not apply more than twice per season. For foliar application an adjuvant may be used, except on chili pepper or pimento. Leafminers only.

cyromazine (Trigard): 2.66 dry oz/A (0 dh, REI 12h, Group 17). Leafminers only.

deltamethrin (Decis* 1.5EC): 1.5 to 2.4 oz/A (1 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). Not for mites.

dicofol (Kelthane MF): 0.75 to 1.5 pt/A (2 dh, REI 12h). Do not apply more than twice per season. For mites only.

dimethoate (Dimethoate 4EC): 8 to 10.6 oz/A (0 dh, REI 48h, Group 1B). Leafminers only. Note that some brands of dimethoate have a 7 dh restriction.

dinotefuran (Safari 20SG): 0.16 to 0.32 dry oz/1,000 sq ft or 3.5 to 7 dry oz/100 gal/20,000 sq ft (1 dh, REI 12h, group 4). Pepper transplants while in greenhouse. Not for field use. Not for mites.

dinotefuran (Venom 20SG): 7 to 14 dry oz/A foliar or 18 to 21 dry oz/A soil (1 dh foliar, 21 dh soil, REI 12h, Group 4A). For resistance management purposes, do not use foliar spray after soil application or following another nicotinoid (Group 4A) insecticide application on the same crop. Not for mites.

emamectin benzoate (Proclaim*): 2.4 to 4.8 oz/A (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 6). Leafminers only. Suppression only.

gamma-cyhalothrin (Proaxis*): 2.5 to 3.8 oz/A (5 dh, REI 24h, Group 3A). Suppression only for leafminers and mites.

kaolin (Surround WP): 12 1/2 to 50 lb/A or 0.125 to 0.5 lb/gal (0 dh, REI 4h). Suppression and repellence only. Product residue may need to be washed off if applied after fruit set. White residue may be minimized if applications stop when fruit is 1/4 of its expected harvest size. Follow label instructions for mixing. Generally compatible as a tank mix with other insecticides. OMRI listed. For thrips only.

lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior*): 2.5 to 3.8 oz/A (7 dh, REI 24h, Group 3A). Suppression only on leafminers and mites. Not for Western Flower Thrips.

permethrin (Pounce* 25WP): 6.4 to 12.8 oz/A (3 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). Leafminers on bell only.

pyrethrin (PyGanic EC5.0): 4.5 to 18 oz/A (0 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). For thrips. OMRI listed.

pyrethrins + piperonyl butoxide (Pyrenone): 1 tsp/gal, or 1 to 12 oz/A (0 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). For thrips and leafminers.

sodium tetraborohydrate decahydrate (Prev-AM): 50 oz/100 gal (0.5 dh, REI 12h, Group 25). Do not apply in midday sun or mix with copper, sulfur or oils. Mites only. CT only.

spinetoram (Radiant SC): 6 to 10 oz/A (1 dh, REI 4h, Group 5). Not for mites. Efficacy improves with the addition of an adjuvant.

spinosad (Entrust): 1.25 to 2.5 dry oz/A for thrips; 2 to 2.5 for leafminers(1 dh, REI 4h, Group 5). Use high rate for leafminers. Efficacy improves with the addition of an adjuvant. Not for mites. OMRI listed.

spiromesifen (Oberon 2SC): 7 to 8.5 oz/A (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 23). Immature mites only.

thiamethoxam (Actara): 3 to 5.5 oz/A (0 dh, REI 12h, Group 4). Highly toxic to bees exposed to direct treatment or residues on blooming crops. Do not apply or allow to drift to blooming crops or weeds. For thrips control and suppression of leafminers.

thiamethoxam (Platinum): 5 to 11 oz/A (30 dh, REI 12h, Group 4). Systemic insecticide used as an in-furrow, banded, drench, or drip irrigation application to the seed/seedling root zone during or after planting/transplanting operations. DO NOT apply as a foliar spray. Suppression only for leafminer.

zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang*): 2.4 to 4.3 oz/A for leafminer; 3.4 to 4.3 for thrips (aids in control) (1 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). Not for mites.

Pepper Maggot

Flies have 3 yellow stripes on back with banded wings. Maggots tunnel into the placenta (seed head) or sidewalls. Exit holes, present in late August or early September, provide entry sites for soft rot bacteria. Usually restricted to southern New England, but was recently found in southern NH. Monitor fruits of pepper plants adjacent to tree lines for oviposition (egg-laying) scars weekly during July. An oviposition scar appears as a small white speck in the middle of a shallow, indented area on the surface of the pepper fruit. Scars are particularly obvious on the high-gloss surface of cherry peppers, which can be used as indicator plants if located in outer rows along field margins. Yellow, sticky-traps baited with a vial of 28% ammonia may be used to capture adult flies if hung in nearby trees. Traps are most reliable when hung about 20’ high, within the canopy of maple trees bordering the field. Make two or three applications at five- to eight-day intervals when oviposition scars are detected or when the first fly is captured. Avoid sites with horse nettle, which serves as an alternate host. Perimeter trap cropping: spot sprays limited to cherry pepper plants in row(s) surrounding main pepper crop will control this pest and spare beneficials throughout most of the field. Note: Use of selective materials for managing ECB (IGR’s, spinosad or Bacillus thuringiensis) will not control pepper maggots. Use of Orthene (8 to 10 day intervals) for aphids or ECB during mid- to late July and early August will control pepper maggots.

dimethoate (Dimethoate 4EC): 8 to 10.6 oz/A (0 dh, REI 48h, Group 1B). Note: some brands of dimethoate have a 7 dh restriction. Apply at 8 to 10 day intervals.

endosulfan (Thionex* 50W): 1 to 2 lb/A (4 dh, REI 24h, Group 2A).

malathion (Malathion 57 EC): 2 1/2 pt/A (3 dh, REI 12h, Group 1B). Apply at 5 day intervals.

zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang*): 2.4 to 4.3 oz/A (1 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). Apply at 7 to 10 day intervals.

Stink Bugs

May feed on buds or fruit. Bugs migrate into fields from weedy borders in dry seasons. Border treatments are often adequate to manage this pest. Reduced-tillage and increased use of cover crops may increase damage by providing hiding places within fields.  Natural enemies in the field usually contain outbreaks if they are not disrupted by broad-spectrum insecticides.    

beta-cyfluthrin (Baythoid* 2): 1.6 to 2.8 oz/A (7 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A).

deltamethrin (Decis* 1.5EC): 1.5 to 2.4 oz/A (1 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A).

gamma-cyhalothrin (Proaxis*): 2.5 to 3.8 oz/A (5 dh, REI 24h, Group 3A).

lambda-cyhalothrin (Warrior*): 2.5 to 3.8 oz/A (5 dh, REI 24h, Group 3A).

pyrethrin (PyGanic EC5.0): 4.5 to 18 oz/A (0 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A). OMRI listed.

pyrethrins + piperonyl butoxide (Pyrenone): 1 tsp/gal, or 1 to 12 oz/A (0 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A).

thiamethoxam (Actara): 3 to 5.5 oz/A (0 dh, REI 12h, Group 4). Highly toxic to bees exposed to direct treatment or residues on blooming crops. Do not apply or allow to drift to blooming crops or weeds.

zeta-cypermethrin (Mustang*): 2.4 to 4.3 oz/A (1 dh, REI 12h, Group 3A).